当前位置: 希尼尔首页 > 翻译新闻



 青岛栈桥英语介绍

青岛希尼尔翻译咨询有限公司(www.sinosenior.com)整理发布  2015-10-11

  

青岛希尼尔翻译公司(www.sinosenior.com)2015年10月10日了解到:青岛栈桥的介绍

The fast-paced life has turned us into machines, doing overloading operations so everyone need a rest and go to travel with relatives or friends. I think QingDao is the best choice.
  QingDao is reputed for its elegant mountains, clean air, blue water, white beach and green trees. Are you feeling the wind from the sea?.That is like a lively girl, she crawl up to kiss your feet when you are lost in admiration of the Beautiful scence, when you sip a mouth of it ,it tastes a little salty.
  As known as Seashore Pier, Southern Sea Pier or Big Marina, the Jutting Pier is a symbolic structure of Qingdao,which was first built in 1892. when Zhang Gaoyuan, Commander of Dengzhou, stationed troops in Qingdao, in order to facilitate the transportation of military supplies and anchor the warships of the Northern Navy, a 344meter long simple pier wasthen built on the southwest coast. The dyke connecting the cosdt was built by laying stones,and the fore part of the pier was built of steel paved with wood. The building materials were remainders of Lvshun Boatyard, Northern Navy. In 1894 when Li Hongzhang made his second inspection tour to Qingdao, he gave a high praise for the Jutting Pier and called it an Iron Pier in his memorial to the throne. Hereafter, the Jutting Pier was also called Navy Pier, Seashore Pier and Navy Iron Pier. In 1900, the pier was destroyed by a typhoon, in 1901 when Germany occupied Qingdao,the Jutting Pier was rebuilt and used for freight transporting. When the Dagang Port was completed, the Jutting Pier was opened to the public. In 1923, a park was developed around the Northernend of the pier. From September 1931 to April 1933, the pier was rebuilt of steel concrete, extended to 440 meters long and 8meters wide. A semicircular seawall as built at the end of the bridge.
  Now, the Jutting Pier has become a famous attraction and symbolic structure of Qingdao. After the founding of People Republic of China, Qingdao Municipal Government has paid much attention to the maintenance and protection of the Jutting Pier. In the 1950s, the Water Returning Pavilion was once called Sino USSR Friendship Pavilion. In the daytime, the Pier is frequented by stream of visitors, who are leaning on the railing and overlooking the charming sea. When the night falls, the colorfully decorated lights are turned on, glorifying the bridge.
  At the Jutting Pier, we can enjoy various attractive sights such as Water Returning at the Pavilion, Listening to the Tide at the Pavilion. Extension of Rainbow and Moon Might at the Pier, which Were reputed as one of the 10 Sights of Qingdao as well as the 24 Top Sights of Qingdao City in the 1930s. Numerous scholars and men of letters have left behind a lot of poems and lines in Praise of the pier. It is a famous seashore attraction frequented by visitors. At the peak season, the daily tourist arrivals are above 200 000. It is a must for the VIPs, important officials and famous celebrities when they visit Qingdao.
  Follow me please. Let us climb the stairs and overlook far into distance. A good place for sightiseeing. You can take photos here.

青岛栈桥有着一百多年的历史。1891年,直隶总督兼北洋大臣李鸿章在山东巡抚张曜的陪同下来当时的胶澳视察,回京后果断向清廷提议应在青岛口一带设防。同年6月14日,内阁明发上谕:“拟在胶州、烟台各海口添筑炮台,著照所请。”同时要求登州镇总兵衙门由登州(今蓬莱)移居青岛口。随后登州镇总兵章高元在青岛口建总兵衙门,是为青岛建置的由来。

青岛栈桥始建于清光绪十八年(1892年),1892年清政府派登州总兵章高元带四营官兵驻扎青岛,为便于部队军需物资的运输,建了两座码头,其中一座就是栈桥,1893年竣工,长200米,宽10米,石基灰面,桥面两侧装有铁护栏。
光绪二十年(1894年5月29日),直隶总督李鸿章奏折:“登州总兵章高元,承办各台基址已具,道员龚照玙又于青岛前建设大铁码头一座,现拟于铁码头后建造水雷营,紧扼口门现办烟台、胶州两海口防务,事同一律,宜各设水雷兵营,各制下雷轮船一艘。”[5]
从李鸿章的奏折可知,在青岛的军事防御设施不是孤立进行的,而是晚清中国北方海防系统的一部分。而在胶澳建造的每座建筑也具有明确的目的性,大铁码头就是专供“下雷轮船”装卸水雷、上煤运械而建造的海军专用码头。栈桥是青岛最早的军事专用人工码头建筑[5] 。该码头原称谓很多,有海军栈桥、前海栈桥、南海栈桥、李鸿章栈桥、大码头等。另一座位于总兵衙门前方的“衙门桥”长100米,宽6米,亦称“蜗牛桥”。这两座码头都是中国工程师自己设计的,是青岛最早的码头。[6]
青岛栈桥是当时惟一的一条海上“军火供给线”,也就是说,谁控制了栈桥,谁就控制了胶州湾。1897年,德军以演习为名,从栈桥所在的青岛湾登陆,武力占领了青岛,栈桥成为德军侵占青岛的见证。德国侵占青岛后,清政府被迫与德国签订《胶澳租借条约》后,当局开始进行新的城市规划,许多物资由海上运来。为了方便运输,德国人又对栈桥进行了改造,在桥面上铺设轨道,上面可以跑轱辘马(专门装货物的车子)。
1901年5月,将原桥北端改为石基,水泥铺面,铁护栏改为铁索护栏,在南端钢制桥架上铺设木板,并建轻便铁轨,将桥身延长到350米,仍为军用码头。1901年10月7日,小港码头建成,运输物资均由小港码头承担,栈桥的运输功能也慢慢减弱。1904年大港第一码头建成后,栈桥逐渐失去它作为码头的历史使命,开始向游人开放。1905年前后,商货运输移至青岛大港,栈桥遂成为船舶检疫、引水专用码头。
第一次世界大战期间,1914年8月27日,日本第二舰队到达青岛海域,封锁了青岛海面。日军从陆路和水路进攻青岛。当时水路方面是从崂山湾完成登陆,不过最终占领青岛后,日军也效仿德军在栈桥上举行了阅兵仪式以此证明其对青岛享有“充分主权”。
1922年12月,青岛被中国北洋政府收回后,中国水兵在此阅兵,以显示中国主权的收回。
1931年9月,青岛市政当局出25.8万元,由德国信利洋行承包扩建,桥身加长到440米。将原桥的钢木结构部分改建为钢筋混凝土,34排桩通透结构,桥面铺以水泥,同时将桥面高度提高了0.5米。在栈桥北端沿海建了栈桥公园,种植树木花卉。桥南端增建了箭头型的防浪堤,并在防浪堤上修建了具有民族风格的回澜阁。1933年4月,整个工程竣工。从此,栈桥成为青岛的重要标志性建筑物和著名风景游览点[7-8] 。
1937年7月7日,日本制造卢沟桥事变,全面侵华战争开始。1938年1月10日,大批日军从沙子口登陆再次占领青岛,次日一拨日军又开始从栈桥登陆 。一个时期,栈桥作为军用码头,不准中国人进入。
新中国成立后,人民政府多次拨款对栈桥进行维修,1985年青岛市又对栈桥进行了大规模的全面整修,将桥南端通透部分拆除重建,由34排桩改为16排桩,并新建眺望台1座,同时将桥入口处的6根挡车石柱拆除,两侧围

以铁索护栏,12对欧式桥灯相峙而立,外铺花岗岩石台阶。1998年底至1999年6月,市政府再次拨款对栈桥进行了大规模整修,桥身按抗风浪50年一遇标准、回澜阁基础按百年一遇标准加固。栈桥北段拆除重建,侧墙采用浆砌蘑菇石镶面,整个桥面用机刨花岗岩板铺装。此次维修既达到防风浪、防腐蚀,保持原有的风韵的要求,又与两侧护岸设施相匹配,增加了美观效果[7] 。
2013年5月26日下午,青岛遭暴雨袭击,全市平均降水量26毫米。5月27日清晨青岛栈桥中段东侧出现了一处30多米长的坍塌[9-11] 。2013年11月2日,山东省青岛栈桥的桥身部分实现合龙[12] 。2014年4月25日,经过11个月的加固维修,栈桥重新运行开放[13] 。
经过数次重修和改建,现桥身长401.45米,其中引桥长236.1米,孔桥149.7米,回澜阁处三角形桥头长15.65米。栈桥南端的双层飞檐八角亭阁——“回澜阁”,阁顶覆以黄色琉璃瓦,周围有24根圆形亭柱,阁占地151平方米,总建筑面340平方米,阁内为两层圆环形亭堂,中央有34级螺旋式阶梯,登楼远眺,前海景色尽收眼底,即为青岛十景之一“飞阁回澜”。
青岛栈桥是青岛历史的见证,现为青岛市重点的文物保护建筑。前海栈桥是青岛的象征。游人漫步于栈桥海滨,可见青岛外形如弯月,栈桥似长虹卧波,回澜阁熠熠生辉。所谓“长虹远引”、“飞阁回澜”所指即此。远处,小青岛如螺,岛上树影婆娑、绿荫哝哝,一座白灯塔亭亭玉立。湾东侧和北侧,红瓦绿树交相辉映,各式建筑参差错落的分布在海岬坡地之上。湾西侧的现代化高层建筑紧靠海岸拔地而起,壮丽恢宏。沿岸的防波堤由花岗岩垒砌,高出水面10余米。涨潮时,惊涛拍岸,激起簇簇雪白浪花,引来无数游人观看;潮退后,赭色岩礁和金色沙滩露出水面,海滩上满是赶海拾贝的游人[3] 。

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

青岛翻译公司